There’s a real gap between what pet CBD companies claim and what the clinical research actually says. The honest version: three areas have meaningful veterinary evidence behind them: anxiety, joint pain, and epileptic seizures in dogs. Other areas (cardiovascular, neuroprotection, appetite) have early or theoretical support but not clinical trials. Knowing which is which helps you use CBD for your pet in a way that’s grounded in something more solid than marketing copy.
🧪 Lab Tested | 👩💼 Woman-Owned | 🏆 Est. 2017
This guide is for educational purposes only. Consult your veterinarian before starting CBD for your pet, particularly if your pet is on any medication. The information here reflects early-stage research and is not a substitute for professional veterinary advice.
Where the Evidence Is Strong, Emerging, or Early
Not all pet CBD claims are backed by the same quality of evidence.
Controlled clinical trials
Joint pain & mobility
Cornell 2018: statistically significant improvements in pain scores and mobility in osteoarthritic dogs at 2mg/kg twice daily.
Controlled clinical trial
Seizure frequency
Colorado State 2019: dogs given CBD with their usual medication had a median 33% drop in seizures vs placebo, in a small trial.
Owner surveys + early studies
Anxiety & stress
No large-scale RCTs yet, but veterinary survey data and consistent owner reports make this the most commonly cited benefit in practice.
Preclinical or theoretical
Appetite, inflammation, cardiovascular
Mechanisms are plausible via ECS pathways. Clinical trials in dogs and cats have not been conducted at scale for these applications.
Joint Pain and Mobility
The strongest clinical case for CBD in pets comes from a 2018 study at Cornell University’s College of Veterinary Medicine. Dogs with osteoarthritis received CBD at 2mg per kilogram of body weight twice daily for four weeks. Owner-scored pain and activity (using validated scales) improved significantly, and veterinary exams also showed less pain. Owners reported no side effects, though bloodwork showed a rise in the liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase, so ask your vet about periodic bloodwork.
Gamble, L. et al. (2018). “Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Clinical Efficacy of Cannabidiol Treatment in Osteoarthritic Dogs.” Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 5, 165. PubMed: 30083539.
The mechanism researchers point to is CBD’s interaction with CB2 receptors, which are expressed in synovial tissue (the tissue lining joints), and its action on TRPV1 receptors involved in pain signaling. Both pathways are present in dogs and cats. Topical and systemic CBD may support joint comfort through different routes, which is why some owners use both an oral tincture and a topical cream for dogs with significant joint issues.
“My poor baby has been struggling significantly the past few years with arthritis. I decided to give this a try and it’s helped her sooooo much! She’s still slow but in less pain,” Diana B. “after a few drops he is running around like a puppy again!” Amanda T.
Anxiety and Stress
Anxiety is the most common reason owners report giving their pets CBD, and also the area where the clinical evidence is still catching up to practice. No large-scale randomized controlled trial has specifically studied CBD for canine anxiety. What exists is a body of owner-reported outcomes, veterinary survey data, and the plausible mechanism: CBD modulates the endocannabinoid system’s role in stress response, particularly through effects on serotonin (5-HT1A) receptors and anandamide availability.
The owner-reported evidence is consistent. Separation anxiety, noise phobias (thunderstorms, fireworks), travel stress, and situational anxiety around vet visits are the most commonly cited contexts where owners observe a shift in their pet’s behavior. The shift owners describe is not sedation but a reduction in reactive behavior: less pacing, less panting, less hiding, easier recovery after a stressor. “It works well to calm our elderly dog during a thunder storm,” Susan W. “Been using the oil for about 2 weeks now and its helping with my anxious dog,” Basma E.
For anxiety specifically, timing is worth a thought. Many owners give it 30 to 45 minutes before a known stressor, like a storm or a car ride, rather than waiting until the dog is already upset.
Seizure Frequency in Dogs
A 2019 randomized controlled trial at Colorado State University studied CBD as an add-on treatment for dogs with drug-resistant idiopathic epilepsy. Dogs on CBD had a significant drop in seizure frequency compared with placebo (a median 33% reduction), but the share of dogs whose seizures fell by half or more was about the same in both groups. The trial was small (9 dogs on CBD in the final analysis), 2 dogs on CBD developed wobbliness (ataxia) and were withdrawn, and the CBD group showed a rise in the liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase. Researchers called for larger trials.
McGrath, S. et al. (2019). “Randomized blinded controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of oral cannabidiol administration in addition to conventional antiepileptic treatment on seizure frequency in dogs with intractable idiopathic epilepsy.” Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 254(11), 1301-1308. PubMed: 31067185.
Epilepsy in pets is managed by veterinarians, not over-the-counter supplements. CBD should not be used as a replacement for prescribed antiepileptic medication. The Colorado State study used CBD as an add-on treatment alongside existing medication, not as a standalone intervention. If your dog has epilepsy, this research is a conversation to have with your vet, not a reason to change medication protocols independently.
Other Areas: Appetite, Inflammation, Cardiovascular
Appetite support
CBD’s interaction with the endocannabinoid system includes pathways that influence appetite and nausea. Some owners report improved appetite in older pets or animals recovering from illness. Clinical trials specifically studying CBD and appetite in dogs or cats have not been published at scale, so this remains an anecdotally supported area rather than a research-confirmed one.
Inflammation
CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties are among the most studied in preclinical research. CB2 receptors, which CBD modulates indirectly, play a role in immune and inflammatory response. The joint pain research in dogs captures part of this; inflammation in synovial tissue is a component of osteoarthritis. Whether CBD reduces systemic inflammation in pets more broadly has not been studied in controlled veterinary trials.
Cardiovascular and neuroprotection
Preclinical (cell and animal model) research suggests CBD may have protective effects on blood vessels and neurons under stress conditions. These findings are early-stage and have not been validated in clinical trials involving dogs or cats.
Why Wild Salmon Oil Pairs with CBD
The formulation science
Wild salmon oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA), which have well-documented anti-inflammatory effects in dogs. Omega-3s reduce the production of inflammatory prostaglandins and support joint, skin, and coat health. Combined with CBD’s CB2 receptor modulation, the two compounds address inflammation through different but complementary pathways. The salmon oil base in TribeTokes pet tincture also serves a practical purpose: omega-3s improve the absorption of fat-soluble compounds, and CBD is fat-soluble. Dogs and cats find the flavor naturally appealing. “My chows love it. i just wish it came in a jumbo bottle,” alexis g.
Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in dogs has its own clinical evidence base for joint health, separate from CBD. A formulation that delivers both in a single product gives dogs two studied compounds in one dose rather than requiring separate supplements. For cats, see how five CBD oils for cats compare on formulation and testing. Dog owners can compare seven CBD oils for dogs the same way.
The THC Warning
THC is toxic to dogs and cats
Dogs are far more sensitive to THC than people are, and it can cause toxicity at doses that would only mildly affect a person. Signs of THC toxicity in pets include ataxia (loss of coordination), urinary incontinence, tremors, slow heart rate, and vomiting. Never give a pet any product containing Delta-8 THC, Delta-9 THC, THCa, or HHC. Always use a pet-specific, THC-free CBD product. If your pet ingests a THC product, contact a veterinarian or ASPCA Animal Poison Control (888-426-4435) immediately.
TribeTokes Pet Tincture
TribeTokes Pet CBD Tincture is 300mg CBD per 30mL bottle with a wild salmon oil base. THC-free. No added terpenes, no essential oils, no ingredients that create unnecessary risk for pets. At 10mg per mL, dosing is precise using the included dropper.
Rating: 4.97/5 from 29 verified pet product reviews. Browse our CBD oils for pets. Every batch is third-party tested for potency, our raw materials are full-panel tested for purity (solvents, pesticides, heavy metals, mycotoxins, microbials), and the COAs are on our lab results page.
For dosing by weight, see our complete weight-based dosage guide. For safety and drug interaction information, see our pet CBD safety guide.
Frequently Asked Questions
CBD interacts with the endocannabinoid system, which dogs and cats share with humans. The three areas with the strongest clinical evidence are joint pain and mobility, seizure frequency, and anxiety responses. A 2018 Cornell study found significant improvements in pain scores and mobility in arthritic dogs at 2mg/kg twice daily. A small 2019 Colorado State trial found dogs given CBD alongside their usual seizure medication had a median 33% drop in seizure frequency compared with placebo. Anxiety outcomes are supported by consistent owner reports and veterinary survey data, though large-scale RCTs are still needed. Other benefits (appetite, cardiovascular, anti-inflammatory) are plausible via ECS pathways but lack clinical trials in dogs at scale.
The clinical evidence specifically for joint pain in dogs is the strongest in the pet CBD literature. The 2018 Cornell trial used validated pain and activity scales plus veterinary exams and found statistically significant improvement at 2mg/kg twice daily, with no side effects reported by owners (bloodwork showed a rise in the liver enzyme alkaline phosphatase). CBD’s mechanism in joint tissue involves CB2 receptors expressed in synovial tissue and TRPV1 receptors involved in pain signaling. Both are present in dogs. Owner outcomes reported in reviews are consistent with the clinical findings: reduced guarding behavior, more willingness to move, and easier mobility in senior dogs with arthritis.
CBD is the most commonly used pet supplement for anxiety, and owner-reported outcomes are consistent: less reactive behavior during stressors like thunderstorms, fireworks, travel, and separation. The clinical evidence base for canine anxiety is not yet as strong as for joint pain; large-scale randomized controlled trials have not been published. The plausible mechanism is CBD’s modulation of serotonin (5-HT1A) receptors and anandamide availability, which affect stress response in the endocannabinoid system. For anxiety, many owners give it 30 to 45 minutes before a known stressor, like a storm or a car ride, rather than waiting until the dog is already upset.
CBD works via the same endocannabinoid system in cats as in dogs, though cats require extra care in product selection. Cats are low in a family of liver enzymes (glucuronyl transferases) that break down many plant compounds and are therefore more sensitive to terpenes, essential oils, and botanical ingredients found in human CBD products. Use only a pet-specific, THC-free formulation with no added botanicals. Most of the veterinary CBD research has been conducted in dogs; cats have been studied far less. Owner outcomes for cats mirror dog outcomes in the anxiety and general calm categories, but dose conservatively and consult a vet before starting.
For direct oral delivery (dropper into the mouth), onset runs fifteen to forty-five minutes. Mixed into food, onset extends to thirty to ninety minutes. For anxiety and situational stress, the effect is often noticeable within the first one or two sessions, though consistent daily dosing over one to two weeks tends to produce more settled results than a single dose. For joint-related concerns, most owners report meaningful changes over days to weeks of consistent twice-daily dosing rather than after a single session.
The primary differences are the carrier base and added ingredients. Human CBD tinctures typically use MCT oil or hemp seed oil and may contain terpenes, essential oils, or botanical additives that are safe for people but potentially irritating or harmful to pets. TribeTokes pet tincture uses wild salmon oil, which is safe, appealing to dogs and cats, and an omega-3 supplement in its own right. Never substitute a human CBD product for a pet-specific one, even at reduced doses. A pet-specific, THC-free product is a different formulation designed for a different physiology.
Salmon oil provides omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) with their own documented anti-inflammatory benefits in dogs, separate from CBD. It’s fat-soluble, which supports absorption of CBD (also fat-soluble). Dogs and cats find the flavor naturally appealing (particularly picky eaters, who accept it without hesitation). MCT oil is safe for dogs, but it doesn’t provide the same omega-3 benefit that salmon oil does. A formulation that delivers both CBD and omega-3s in a single dose is more useful than one that delivers CBD alone in a neutral carrier.
The most studied dose in dogs is 2mg per kilogram of body weight twice daily, based on the Cornell osteoarthritis trial. A conservative starting point for most owners is 0.5mg to 1mg per kg, observing for twelve to twenty-four hours before adjusting. TribeTokes pet tincture delivers 10mg per mL; the dropper marks allow for precise weight-based dosing. Cats should start at the low end of the weight range. For a complete weight-based chart covering dogs from 5 to 100 pounds, see our CBD dosage for dogs guide.
CBD + Wild Salmon Oil. Pet-Specific Formula.
300mg CBD per 30mL. THC-free. Wild salmon oil base for omega-3 benefit. 4.97/5 from 29 verified pet reviews.
